An electric motor stands as a pivotal rotary electric machine, efficiently transforming electrical energy into mechanical energy. It primarily comprises an intricate electromagnetic coil winding or distributed stator winding designed to produce a robust magnetic field, accompanied by a rotating armature or rotor. When subjected to the dynamic influence of the rotating magnetic field in the stator winding, a current flows through the armature's squirrel cage aluminum frame, propelling it into rotation through the magnetic field's force. Some variants of these machines possess the versatility to function as either electric motors or generators. In essence, it is a sophisticated device that adeptly transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Working Principle:
Motors are extraordinary devices that ingeniously convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. They harness the power of energized coils, referred to as stator windings, to generate a vibrant rotating magnetic field. This magnetic interaction with a squirrel cage-style closed aluminum frame rotor gives rise to magnetic electric rotational torque. Electric motors are classified into DC motors or AC motors according to their power sources. In general, AC motors prevail in power systems, available in two main types: synchronous or asynchronous (where the stator magnetic field speed and rotor rotation speed do not coincide). The fundamental components of an electric motor include the stator and the rotor. The direction of movement of the energized wire within the magnetic field is determined by the interplay of the current's direction and the magnetic field lines' orientation. In essence, the operational principle of an electric motor is rooted in the magnetic field applying force on the current, thereby instigating rotation.