An electric motor is a sophisticated rotary electric machine that adeptly converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It primarily consists of an intricately designed electromagnetic coil winding or a distributed stator winding that generates a powerful magnetic field, alongside a rotating armature or rotor. When the stator winding's rotating magnetic field is activated, an electric current flows through the armature's squirrel cage aluminum frame, prompting it to rotate under the magnetic field's influence. Notably, some variations of these machines can function either as electric motors or generators, making them versatile in their applications. In essence, an electric motor is a marvel of engineering that transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy with high efficiency.
Working Principle:
Motors are extraordinary devices that masterfully transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. They utilize energized coils, known as stator windings, to create a dynamic rotating magnetic field. This magnetic field then interacts with the squirrel cage-style closed aluminum frame rotor, generating a powerful magnetic electric rotational torque. Electric motors are broadly classified into DC motors and AC motors based on their power sources. AC motors, which are predominantly used in power systems, are available in synchronous or asynchronous types, where the stator magnetic field speed and rotor rotation speed may not synchronize. The fundamental components of an electric motor include the stator and the rotor. The direction of movement for the energized wire within the magnetic field is determined by the current's direction and the magnetic field lines' orientation. To put it simply, the working principle of an electric motor revolves around the magnetic field exerting force upon the current, thus inducing rotation.